I had the pleasure of presenting my research at the GRAPE Summer Workshop 2025, where I explored how population ageing is reshaping the labor market and monetary policy in Poland. The workshop provided an excellent platform to discuss one of the key structural forces affecting modern economies: demographic change.

My findings show that an ageing population can contribute to lower unemployment, driven both by shifts in workforce composition and changes in labor market dynamics. At the same time, ageing alters the macroeconomic environment by reducing the cost of stabilizing inflation in terms of unemployment volatility and strengthening the case for a more hawkish monetary policy stance.

I am grateful to the participants for the engaging discussions and valuable feedback, which provide strong motivation to further develop this research.